ios leaks afnetworking3.0多处内存泄露怎么回事

2025-04-04 11:33:52
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

1、运行Demo。
先下载一个实现准备好的内存泄露的Demo吧:leak app
下载下来,打开运行,程序是一个寿司的列表,列出各种寿司卷。试着选择里面的几行,应该是选第二行的时候就崩溃了。崩溃截图:

在崩溃的地方断住了,知道crash的地方了,但是不知道具体crash的原因。

2、设置NSZombieEnabled
这是一个 “EXC_BAD_ACCESS”错误。我们打开XCode的选项:“NSZombieEnabled” 。在crash时可能会给你更多的一些提示信息。
设置步骤:1

2:勾上红色框里的

运行,按刚才的操作选中其中的cell。再次crash,这次在output窗口会看到多了一项错误信息:

2012-11-28 13:22:08.911 PropMemFun[2132:11303] *** -[CFString respondsToSelector:]: message sent to deallocated instance 0x713ebc0
大概意思是:向已释放的内存发送消息。也就是说使用了已释放的内存,在C语言相当于使用了“野指针”

看了下crash的这个语句,sushiString应该是没问题的,它是从stringWithFormat初始化出来的。那就是_lastSushiSelected的问题。
_lastSushiSelected指向了sushiString,sushiString是一个autorelease变量。 在第二次点击时,使用的是sushiString已经被释放,所以crash了。那为_lastSushiSelected保留一下,就可以用了。代码修改如下:

[cpp] view plaincopy
_lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];

[cpp] view plain copy
_lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];

运行,这时候不崩溃。

3、分析内存泄露(shift+command+b)
app不crash了,那看看有没有内存泄露。用XCode的Analyze就能分析到哪里有内存泄露

分析之后可以看到:

这里提示alertView没被释放,有内存泄露,那我们释放
[alertView release];
再分析,这个问题解决了。

4、使用Instruments的leaks工具
分析内存泄露不能把所有的内存泄露查出来,有的内存泄露是在运行时,用户操作时才产生的。那就需要用到Instruments了。

按上面操作,build成功后跳出Instruments工具,选择Leaks选项,这时候寿司程序也运行起来了,选中list中的项,拖动等操作后,工具显示效果如下:

大家可能都能猜到,红色的柱子表示内存泄露了。怎么通过这个工具看到在哪泄露了呢?
先在工具栏按下红色的圆形按钮,把工具监视内存的活动停下来。选择Leak,然后点中间十字交叉那,选择Call Tree.
这时候左下角的Call Tree的可选项可以选了。选中Invert Call Tree 和Hide System Libraries,显示如下:

这时候内存泄露的具体代码找到了,在右边的红色框框里指定了哪个方法出现了内存泄露。
你只要在这些方法上双击,就会跳转到具体的代码,哈哈,是不是很方便。

这里应该是提示100%内存会泄露。
6、解决内存泄露问题
问题找到了,那就解决吧
关于:tableView:didSelectRowAtIndexPath ,分析下它的内存过程:
sushiString变量通过autorelease创建,它的引用计数是1.
这行代码使得引用计数增加到2, _lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];
这个方法结束时,sushiString的autorelease生效了,这个变量的引用计数减少为1
当再次执行tableView:didSelectRowAtIndexPath这个方法时,_lastSushiSelected被赋值了新指针,老的_lastSushiSelected的引用计数还是1,没有被释放,产生了内存泄露。
怎么解决呢?
在_lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];之前把原来的release就ok了:

[cpp] view plaincopy
[_lastSushiSelected release];
_lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];

[cpp] view plain copy
[_lastSushiSelected release];
_lastSushiSelected = [sushiString retain];

关于:tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath
这个比较明显,sushiString被alloc和init之后就没有释放,可以用stringWithFormat来调用autorelease,代码如下:

[cpp] view plaincopy
NSString *sushiString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d: %@", indexPath.row, sushiName];
[cpp] view plain copy
NSString *sushiString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d: %@", indexPath.row, sushiName];
好了,泄露都fix了,再用工具分析看看,这时候你再点,再拖,再怎么操作,都没有内存泄露了。表明内存泄露被堵住了。

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